Eclampsia or puerperal tetany (hypocalcemia)
This condition is seen primarily in small breed dogs nursing large litters during the first 2 - 4 weeks of lactation (nursing), when they are under the heaviest stress due to the large volume of milk needed. It also may be seen at or near parturition, or whelping.
Serum calcium levels fall to about 4 - 7 mg/dl (normal = 9 - 11 mg/dl). The dog shows trembling and weakness. As the condition progresses, dilation of the dog's pupils, elevated pulse rate, elevated body temperature, and eventually, convulsions may be seen.
Treatment includes removal of the pups from the bitch for 12 - 24 hours and administration of calcium gluconate solution slowly administered by your veterinarian. Calcium must be given slowly as too rapid infusion can cause heart abnormalities, such as arrhythmias and slowing of the heart rate. Follow-up therapy includes administration of calcium gluconate under the skin, and oral therapy with calcium compound and vitamin D. Recurrence in the same (or a subsequent) lactation is common. Wean the pups only if more than one clinical episode occurs within a lactation.
Some people feel that post-partum hysteria (savaging of pups) may be a manifestation of eclampsia. Ensure that the bitch is on a well-balanced ration.
The information on this page was obtained from the site
www.vetmedcenter.com